This article explains iframe-to-iframe communication, when the iframes come from different domains. That you can do this effectively is only now becoming apparent to the community, and is now used in production by Google, Facebook, and others, and has powerful implications for the future of Ajax, mashups, and widgets/gadgets. I’ve been investigating the technique and working some demos, introduced in the article.
Background: Cross-Domain Communication
Ironic that in this world of mashups and Ajax, it’s not very easy to do both of them together. Ajax applications run in the browser and such applications were never intended to talk to anything but the server from whence they came. So it’s not easy to mash content from multiple sources, when everything must be squeezed through the originating web server. A few hacks have arisen over the years to deal with this, such as On-Demand Javascript, and the most recent one is a hack involving iframes, which I’ll explain in this article. As we’ll see later, the iframe technique is arguably more secure than On-Demand Javascript, and it’s also better places for communication within the browser, i.e. from one iframe to another.
Related to this article is a demo application and a couple of variants.
The first mention I’ve seen of this hack originated on James Burke’s Tagneto blog in June, 2006, though I’m fairly certain it’s been used in some quarters long before that. It’s now used in production by Google in Mapplets. It’s also used in Shindig for widget-container communication. The technique also happens to be the best way to make safe cross-domain calls from the browser directly to a third-party server, which is why it is employed by Facebook’s new Javascript Client Library.
The Demo
First, let’s see what we can do with this hack.
In this demo, we have a control on the top-level document affecting something in the iframe and vice-versa. This shows you can run communication in both directions with this technique. Typical of the technique, the communication is between two browser-side components from different domains (as opposed to browser-to-server communication, although there is actually server communication involved in making this happen).
The Laws of Physics: What you can do with IFrames
To understand the hack, we need to understand the “laws of physics” as they apply to iframes and domain policies within the browser. Once you appreciate the constraints in place, the pattern itself becomes trivial. This demo was created to explore and illustrate these constraints, and contains some simple code examples.
Definition I: A “window” refers either to an iframe or the top-level window (i.e. the “main” page). In our model, then, we have a tree-like hierarchy of windows.
Law I: Any window in the hierarchy can get a handle to any other window in the hierarchy. It doesn’t matter where they live within the hierarchy or which domain they come from – with the right commands, a window can always refer to any other window. Parent windows are accessed as “parent”, “parent.parent”, etc., or “top” for the top-level. Child windows are accessed as “window.frames[0]” or “window.frames[name]“. Note in this case that the name is not the iframe’s id, but rather the iframe’s name. (This reflects the legacy nature of all this stuff, relating back to ugly late-90s frames and framesets.) Thus, to get a sibling handle, you might use “parent.frames[1]“.
Law II: Windows can only access each others’ internal state if they belong to the same domain. This rather puts a kibosh on the whole cross-domain cross-iframe thing. All this would be so easy if iframe scripts could talk to each other directly, but that would cause all manner of security shenanigans. HTML 5 does define explicit communication between iframes, but until wide adoption, we have to think harder …
Law III: Any window in the hierarchy can set (but not read) any other window’s location/URL, even though (from Law II) browser security policies prevent different-domain iframes from accessing each other’s internal state. Note: Exact details for this law needs further investigation Again, it doesn’t matter which domain it comes from or its position in the hierarchy. It can always get a handle on another window and can always set the window’s URL, e.g. “parent.frames[1].location.href”. This establishes window URLs as the one type of information on the page which is shared across all windows, regardless of the domain they come from. It seems sensible that a parent can change its child windows’ URLs, BUT not vice-versa; how strange that a child window is allowed to alter its parent’s (or uncle’s, sibling’s, etc.) URLs! The only justification I know of is the old technique of escaping the frame trap, where a website, upon loading, ensures it’s not inside a frame by simply setting the top-level URL – if it’s different to itself – to its own URL. This would then cause the page to reload to its own URL. However, that’s a special case and hardly seems worth justifying this much leeway. So I don’t really know why you can do this, but lucky for us, you can!
Law IV: When you change the URL’s fragment identifier (the bit on the end starting with a #, e.g. http://example.com/blah#fragmentID), the page doesn’t reload. This will already be familiar to you if you’re familiar with another Ajax hack, Unique URLs to allow for bookmarkability and page history. Normally, changing a document’s “href” property causes it to reload, but if you only change the fragment identifier, it doesn’t. You can use this knowledge to change the URL symbolically – in a manner which allows a script to inspect it and make use of it – without causing any noticeable change to the page content.
Exploiting the Laws of Physics for Cross-Domain Fun and Profit – The Cross-Domain Hack (URL Polling version)
The laws above are all we need to get cross-domain communication happening. The technique is simply this, assuming Window A wants to control Window B:
- Window A changes Window B’s fragment identifier.
- Window B is polling the fragment identifier and notices the change, and updates itself according to the fragment identifier.
Ta-da!!! That’s the whole thing, in its glorious entirety. Of course, you had to know the laws of physics in order to understand why all this works. It simply relies on the fact that both Window A and Window B have one common piece of state – the URL – and the fact that we can change the URL unintrusively by manipulating only the fragment identifier. For example, in the demo, the iframe’s URL changes to http://ajaxpatterns.org/crossframe/#orange and once the iframe script notices it, it updates the colour.
A few observations:
- This works in either direction. Parent to child, child to parent. As the demo illustrates.
- It requires co-operation from both parties; it’s not some magic way to bypass browser security mechanisms. Once Window A changes Window B’s fragment identifier, it’s up to Window B to act on the change; and it’s up to Window B to be polling the fragment identifier in the first place.
- Polling the fragment identifier happens to be exactly the same technique used in the Unique URLs pattern.
There are a couple of downsides: (a) Polling slows down the whole application; (b) Polling always involves some lag time (and there’s always a trade-off a and b – the faster the response, the more cycles you application uses up); (c) The URL visibly changes (assuming you want to manipulate the top-level window). We’ll now consider a second technique that addresses these (albeit in a way that introduces a different downside).
The Cross-Domain Hack (Marathon version)
Here’s a variant which no longer involves polling or changing any URLs. I learned of it from Juliene Le Comte’s blog, and he’s even packaged it as a library.
Looking back at Law II: “Windows can only access each others’ internal state if they belong to the same domain”. At the time, I made this sound like a bad thing, but as David Brent likes to say, “So, you know, every cloud …”. The law is bad if you state it as “cross-domain iframes can’t play with each others’ toys” (paraphrasing the informal version of Demeter’s law). But it’s good if you spin it as “well, at least same-domain iframes can play with each others’ toys”. That’s what we’re going to exploit here.
As for the demo, the functionality is the same, but since this one involves spawning iframes, I’ve left them intact, and made them visible, for your viewing delight. Normally, of course, they’d be invisible, and the application would look exactly the same as the previous demo.
Here’s how this technique works:
- Every time Window A wants to call Window B, it spawns a child iframe, “Window B2″ in the same domain as Window B. The URL includes the command being issued (as a CGI parameter, fragment identifier, or any other URL pattern which will be recognised by the destination script).
- When window B2 starts up, its Javascript inspects the URL, gets a handle on Window B, and updates Window B according to the URL (e.g. a CGI parameter).
- Window B2 destroys itself in a puff of self-gratified logic.
So in this case, we create a new, short-lived, iframe for every message being passed. Because the iframe comes from the same domain as the window we’re trying to update, it’s allowed to change the window’s internal state. It’s only useful to us on startup, because after that we can no longer communicate with it (apart from by the previous fragment identifier trick, but we could do that directly on the original window).
Window B2 is sometimes called a proxy because it accepts commands from Window A and passes them to Window B. I like to think of it as Pheidippides of fame; it passes on a message and then undergoes a noble expiration. Its whole mission in life is to deliver that one message.
This technique comes with its own downside too. Quite obviously, the downside is that you must create a new iframe for every call, which requires a trip to the server. However, with caching in place, that could be avoided, since everything that must happen will happen inside the browser. So it would simply be the processing expense of creating and deleting an iframe element. Note that the previous variant never changed the DOM structure or invoked the server.
Also, note that in either versions of the hack, there is the awkward matter of having to express the request in string form, since in either pattern, you are required to embed the request on the window URL. There is an inspired extension of this hack that also has some untapped promise in this area. It involves setting up a subdomain and updating its DNS to point to a third-party website. When combined with the old document.domain hack, you end up with a situation where your iframe can communicate with a cross-domain iframe, without relying on iframe. (The technique described in the article is about browser-to-server communication, but I believe this iframe-to-iframe is possible too.)
A Third Hack Emerges: Window Size Monitoring
A newer third hack by Piers Lawson is based around the porous nature of window sizes and the use of window.resize(). Fragment IDs are used like in the first technique here, but instead of polling, window resize events are used to cause a more direct trigger.
Applications
Cross-Domain IFrame-to-IFrame Calls … and Widgets/Gadgets
In the world of mashups, iframes are a straightforward way to syndicate content from one place to another. The problem, though, is limited interaction between iframes; in pure form, you end up with a few mini web browsers on a single page. It gets better when the iframes can communicate with each other. For example, you can imagine having iGoogle open, with a contacts widget and a map widget. Clicking on a contact, the map widget notices and focuses on the contact’s location. This is possible via Gadget-To-Gadget communication, a form of publish-subscribe which works on the iframe hack described here. And speaking of maps, check out Google Mapplets, which are a special form of gadget that work on Google Maps, and also rely on this technique.
In terms of gadgets, another application is communication between a gadget and its container, and this is something I’ve been looking at wrt Shindig. For example, there is a dynamic-height feature gadgets can declare. This gives the gadget developer an API to say “I’ve updated, now please change my height”. Well, an iframe can’t change its own height; it must tell its parent to do that. And since the gadget lives in an iframe, on a different domain as the container (e.g. iGoogle), this requires a cross-domain, cross-iframe, message. And so, it uses this technique (”rpc” – remote procedural call – in shindig terminology) to pass a message to the container.
Cross-Domain Browser-to-Server Calls
The best known technique for calls from the browser to an third-party server is On-Demand Javascript, aka Javascript APIs aka JSON/JSONP. This was obscure in 2005, with Delicious being the best example. Now, it’s big time in Web 2.0 API land, and Yahoo! has exposed almost all of its APIs this way, and Google also provides data such as RSS content via JSON.
It works by spawning a new script element programmatically, an element pointing to an external Javascript URL. Since there’s no restriction on third-party Javascript running, the browser will faithfully fetch and execute the script, and so the script will typically be written to “return” by updating variable and/or calling an event handler.
There are two major security issues with On-Demand Javascript. Firstly, you have to trust the API provider (e.g. Yahoo!) a lot because you are letting them run a script on your own web page. And there’s no way to sanitise it, due to the script tag mechanism involved. If they are malicious or downright stoopid, your users may end up running an evil script which could ask for their password, send their data somewhere, or destroy their data altogether. That’s because whatever your web app can do, so can the third party’s script, even if you’re only trying to get a simple value back. The mechanism forces you to hand over the keys to the Ferrari when all you want is a new bumper sticker. Secondly, what’s to stop other websites also making use of the external Javascript? If your own site can embed the script to call a third-party JS API, so too can a malicious fourth-party. This is fine for public, read-only, data, but what if you’re relying on the user’s cookies to make privileged calls to the third-party? Then the fourth-party’s web app will be just as capable of issuing calls from the browser to the third-party, and they might well be more evil calls than you’re making, e.g. “transferFunds()” instead of “getBankBalance()”. The moral is: Javascript APIs can only be used for serving public data.
Whoa!!! Public data only? That’s a tragic restriction on our cross-domain API! For mashups to be truly useful, it must be personal. We’ll increasingly have OAuth-style APIs where users will tell Site X that Site Y is allowed to read its data. But how can that work in the browser? How can Site Y expose its data so that it’s usable from the browser, but only when Site X is running? It can’t work with On-Demand Javascript. Site Y could try reading the referrer headers to see where the call is coming from, but anyone could write a command-line client with fake headers.
In fact, the answer is to use the iframe hack described in this article. As I mentioned earlier, this is how Facebook gets the job done, with what is essentially the same “power of attorney” delegation model as OAuth (BTW thanks to my colleague Jeremy Ruston for the “power of attorney” OAuth analogy – albeit it was stated in a slightly different context from OAuth).
I haven’t looked too much into the mechanism involved with the Facebook API, but it looks like it’s essentially using a variant of the Marathon technique. From memory, there’s an ever-present invisible facebook.com iframe. Each time your web app make a Facebook call, the Facebook JS library spawns a new “proxy” iframe, which passes the message on to its same-domain ever-present frame, which makes a bog-standard XHR call to Facebook. So now we’re making an XHR call to another domain, which we can get away with because it’s coming from a separate iframe. Once the XHR call returns, I think the message is returned to your application (this happens via another same-domain iframe you must host on your server, though I think that’s unnecessary) and the proxy iframe disappears.
Note that all Facebook ever exposes is a standard web service that relies on the user being logged into Facebook – there’s no Javascript involved. The user must be logged in and must have given permission for the application to access its Facebook details. Effectively, the user is allowing a particular website URL to make Facebook calls, since the application developer must register the URL. If you look back at the iframe algorithms I described earlier, you’ll see that it’s straightforward for Facebook to ensure that only this application (and any other application the user trusts) can access the data. The Facebook.com iframe (whose behaviour is controlled by IFrame and can’t be tampered) simply has to inspect the URL of the parent window and pass it to the server as part of the XHR call. The server can then check that the logged-in user has authorised this application, using the URL to identify it.
As for the first concern of cross-domain Javascript – having to trust the third-party API provider – I believe the iframe technique overcomes this concern too. Facebook.com never gets to run arbitrary Javascript on your server. Of course, you have to trust the Facebook library and the Facebook-provided iframe you’re required to host on your domain, but those could be audited prior to installation. All those things are set up to do is call callback methods inside your top-level application; you could inspect the library and ensure that’s all that will ever happen.
Thus, cross-domain iframe-based communication solves both problems which have plagued On-Demand Javascript. It is slightly more complicated, however.
Conclusions
Yes, this is a somewhat complicated technique. Actually understanding the problem it solves is really the hard part! Once you understand that, and once you understand those laws of physics, the trick is actually quite straightforward (either version of it).
The technique will be critical for gadget containers such as Shindig. As OAuth takes off, we’ll also see the technique used a lot more in mainstream applications and APIs.
With HTML 5, cross-frame messaging will render the hack unnecessary for iframe-to-iframe communication. Indeed, the aforementioned Cross-Domain library uses that technique already for Opera, in a fortuitous twist of fate since Opera doesn’t actually support everything this hack requires. However, the notion of using iframes for cross-domain calls will still be present, no matter how the windows talk to each other.
58 responses so far ↓
1 Lior // May 20, 2008 at 9:01 pm
Hi – thanks for a great article! We are trying to do just that . we need to READ the location.href of one iframe (from domain a, not our domain) from another – but can’t!
According to this MSDN article, http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms533028(VS.85).aspx
“…document.location.href Property can be set to navigate, but cannot be read….”
but that goes against your third law…
Any idea what could we be missing?
thanks very much again
Lior
2 mahemoff // Jun 6, 2008 at 4:49 pm
Lior, thanks for the comment. Someone else pointed out something similar and I’ve updated the law accordingly.
In the case of the guy who contacted me, he could still solve his problem by other means. The two iframes can still communicate with each other using the techniques described here, so there’s always a way for them to pass their URLs to each other, or any other info.
3 Silenceway // Jun 11, 2008 at 8:48 pm
[...] Guru, encontré este interesante artículo sobre comunicación entre iframes de Michael Mahemoff: Cross-Domain Communication with IFrames. Lo que tú Quieras OírOpenCourseWare del Portal Universia y del MITWeb 2.0Visita Posted in Web, [...]
4 Ninja Zoo // Aug 4, 2008 at 3:12 pm
Unfortunately child to parent communication no longer seems to work on Safari 3 on Mac and the Javascript error console reports “Unsafe JavaScript attempt to access frame with URL”. Parent to child still seems to work OK though.
5 Anton G // Sep 25, 2008 at 11:47 pm
Mahemoff,
in the example, speed up and speed down doesn’t work. getting permision denied error. Any idea ?
tks
Anton
6 gurdeep // Nov 7, 2008 at 11:04 am
what is the fix for this
7 Jeff // Dec 4, 2008 at 12:48 pm
I’m unable to pass a hash value from child iframe to parent in FF3/Mac using top.window.location.hash or parent.window.location.hash.
8 Navid Azimi // Dec 31, 2008 at 1:26 am
The “speed up / speed down” example also does not work in IE7. Such a great write up but unfortunately seems already out-dated.
I really hope this article can be updated for the latest browsers.
9 Franky // Jan 2, 2009 at 7:57 pm
I’m new to Javascript, but would this be an appropriate solution for doing something fairly simple like, replacing a stylesheet for a page over which I have no control?
I am loading an external page in an iFrame, and would like to make some style changes to the page, but have had no luck. Would this technique allow me to do that?
10 ray // Jan 7, 2009 at 2:01 pm
@Jeff: try using window.parent.parent
The child frame you’re referring to might be 2 levels down, if you spawned it from the remote iframe.
11 Tamlyn // Jan 20, 2009 at 3:43 pm
Great post. Thanks for explaining how the RPC relay stuff works in Shindig. Still doesn’t explain why I can’t get it working in IE7 though…
12 uZ // Jan 22, 2009 at 10:10 am
that’s all lies people, he just changes the src of the iframe with the same url + #color
I just investigated his ‘demo’
13 mahemoff // Jan 22, 2009 at 12:21 pm
uZ, please identify the code in question.
14 ABCoder // Feb 3, 2009 at 3:19 pm
Nice post.. but too much lengthy…
Can you provide with some working code please..
Thanks
15 Explaining the “Don’t Click” Clickjacking Tweetbomb // Feb 12, 2009 at 7:38 pm
[...] can prevent this kind of attack is to use the old “bust the iframe” idiom. As I explained in Cross-Domain Communication with IFrames, it’s possible for an iframe to access the URL of its container, and actually re-set that value. [...]
16 Kyle Simpson // Feb 14, 2009 at 5:48 am
This article is an interesting and very thorough read on this topic. I appreciate knowing with a good explanation what the iframe proxying details are all about in the minute detail.
I think however that it’s a pretty elaborate workaround for cross-domain communication. The following negatives come to mind:
iframes (in IE) use a lot of memory, especially as you generate a lot of them dynamically and kill them off (the garbage collection doesn’t always clean up all of an iframe’s usage). So, as a page lives longer, this seems like this techinque will end up consuming a lot of browser memory, and probably slowing things down.
timers/polls/intervals are definitely helpful, but if they have to run constantly in a page (not just used for short durations, like in aminations), they really slow down a page’s responsiveness.
I don’t see that the technique you mention (which facebook uses!) really guarantees that an app can opt-in (or out) of allowing such an elaborate “evil” site to take advantage. The reason is, in javascript, you can overwrite properties/functions dynamically. So for instance an evil page could fool the iframe proxy into sending along a domain (which is known to be trusted), even though that’s not the actual page domain in the browser.
17 anonymous // Apr 13, 2009 at 5:00 pm
Inside the iframe:
parent.window.location.href = “xyz.com” wasn’t allowed by IE7, but it appears that:
window.parent.location.href = “xyz.com”;
works like a champ.
thanks for the post.
18 gary laird // Apr 15, 2009 at 5:04 pm
hey guys,
the first demo where you can change the speed and colour of iframe. Is this demo only using crossframe.js. I don’t where util.js ajaxCaller.js are been used. Am I missing something here. ??
19 mahemoff // Apr 22, 2009 at 2:56 pm
@gary laird, those other libs aren’t used (I haven’t checked, but I’m fairly certain). The demo is based on the simple, hand-built, framework for all the demos I use on ajaxify, which pulls in utils and ajaxCaller by default.
20 Cross-Domain Calls with IFrames « Sandip’s Programming Zen // Apr 29, 2009 at 4:37 pm
[...] Ok, I found here on this nice guy’s blog under Cross-Domain Communication with IFrames. [...]
21 Alex // May 2, 2009 at 8:54 am
I have another solution , the most graceful one I know.
Anyone interested could contact with me.
22 Sting01 // May 19, 2009 at 10:31 am
Nice to see an old trick be revived. I used that almost 10 years ago, when Ajax was not existing (to query a server and display dynamical stuffs like ajax do). Just check the website, the result page use that trick.
Furthermore, as the iframe get data from a 3rd party site, you can simply scrap it (JS or server side), then do a mix with existing/orther 3rd party datas. But that is nothing new, I do used that before Y2000.
23 Sting01 // May 19, 2009 at 10:39 am
Just used your test page, saddly it did nto work.
My 2 cents, and I will not make the insult to give you the solution, is it might be relatedto the fact you process your various JS localy (read within the various iframes) instead of grouping them to the main window (parent) . Datas are local but processing have to be global to avoid the various security protections exising (IE7 for exemple).
Hope it make sense, and hope you can fix the broken demo
cheers mate
24 mahemoff // May 19, 2009 at 12:41 pm
Thanks for your suggestion @Sting01. Realistically, I won’t have time to revise the demo for a while at least, though someone else could grab it and try it. It’s good to know there are fixes for IE7 and beyond.
25 Cross Domain AJAX Calls and Iframe Communication How To | Life Scaling // Jun 7, 2009 at 1:50 pm
[...] domain ajax calls and communication between iframes using url hashes (fragments), but I found this great tutorial by Michael Mahemoff covering the subject inside and [...]
26 www@www » Cross-domain Communications with Iframes by Michael Mahemoff // Jun 22, 2009 at 2:52 pm
[...] You can read the full article here: Cross-domain Communications with Iframes [...]
27 links for 2009-07-14 « BarelyBlogging // Jul 15, 2009 at 1:05 am
[...] Cross-Domain Communication with IFrames (tags: javascript iframe) [...]
28 Rocco J Carello // Jul 29, 2009 at 8:53 pm
These techniques do not seem to work in current versions of Safari or Internet Explorer due to security issues. Are there workarounds for this, or are these techniques no longer usable?
29 mahemoff // Jul 29, 2009 at 10:50 pm
Rocco, I haven’t looked into specific browsers, but it’s true – the browsers have become stricter about windows sniffing each other’s sources. There are possibly workarounds (like switch the direction of the sniffing – others above have suggested it still works in one direction).
30 mahemoff // Jul 29, 2009 at 10:53 pm
window.name might be one workaround, as a global shared by all windows, but is probably also going to be unsupported by browsers in the future, and might be accessed by other windows (those also open on the page and those to be opened after the user clicks on a link).
31 Piers Lawson // Aug 17, 2009 at 10:40 pm
Great coverage… I have a slightly different technique for passing messages which I think is faster: http://shouldersofgiants.co.uk/Blog/post/2009/08/17/Another-Cross-Domain-iFrame-Communication-Technique.aspx
32 Ajaxian » Cross domain iframe communication without location polling // Aug 24, 2009 at 9:32 am
[...] post by Michael Mahemoff provides a good introduction to both [...]
33 Cross domain iframe communication without location polling | Guilda Blog // Aug 24, 2009 at 12:06 pm
[...] post by Michael Mahemoff provides a good introduction to both [...]
34 The Ashes » Blog Archive » Cross domain iframe communication without location polling // Aug 24, 2009 at 12:23 pm
[...] post by Michael Mahemoff provides a good introduction to both [...]
35 Cross domain iframe communication without location polling « LocalLab : Foire aux Infos // Aug 24, 2009 at 4:34 pm
[...] post by Michael Mahemoff provides a good introduction to both [...]
36 Ben // Sep 3, 2009 at 7:18 pm
This seems to require access to the code on both the parent page and the iframe’s page. What if the iframe is from an external URL which you can’t put JS into? Then it’s back to the permission denied errors. Or am I misunderstanding the whole thing?
37 mahemoff // Sep 11, 2009 at 8:51 am
Ben – two different domains is the problem being addressed here.
38 Kam // Oct 5, 2009 at 5:24 pm
I’m having difficulties understanding all of this, I just want to auto resize iframe heights.
39 mahemoff // Oct 7, 2009 at 12:33 am
Kam, this is indeed the right kind of stuff you need to use in order to do that, ie have an iframe tell its parent to resize.
You might try some of the libraries that are emerging in this area – I haven’t looked at them in detail, but I suggest googling for “cross-domain library” and the like.
40 Gregory Magarshak // Oct 8, 2009 at 2:00 am
Wow, this is very recent.
I didn’t know you couldn’t READ other iframes’ URLs. So it seems to me that the resizing technique is the cleanest. No timers, no creating iframes. DOES IT WORK IN ALL THE MAJOR BROWSERS? Can anyone tell me? Surely if facebook uses something similar…
41 mahemoff // Oct 8, 2009 at 9:47 am
Gregory, things have been changing with browser security getting tighter, so please research and test to make sure you get it right.
42 Gregory Magarshak // Oct 9, 2009 at 4:13 pm
What is the official word these days? Who has tried Safari 4 etc?
43 nately // Oct 20, 2009 at 2:46 pm
Thanks anonymous. window.parent.location.href is a life saver. Stupid security.
44 Jonathan // Nov 13, 2009 at 1:19 pm
Another BIG downside of using the location hash to send message t0 the parent window is that it adds an entry to the browser history each time the hash changes.
In AJAX applications it is a good thing, but not in a cross domain iframe communication because it screws up the back button behavior.
If someone knows a way to do it whitout modify the browser history please let me know ! Opera and IE6-7-8 don’t modify history, only FF, GG chrome and Safari do it :/
45 A jQuery text extractor (via Java proxy) « Eltit Golb // Nov 13, 2009 at 1:25 pm
[...] i discovered what probably I should have known already: cross site DOM inspection is forbidden (see Cross-Domain Communication with IFrames). To work around this limitation I wrote a really simple ". jsp" proxy page in order to [...]
46 John // Nov 13, 2009 at 6:58 pm
Hi,
Great article. I’ve been wrestling to cross domain iframes, and i think i’m losing. I was hoping to get some info after reading your post. Essentially what i’m trying to do is i’m opening a new window that has content hosted on another domain. within that content there’s an iframe which is content on the same domain as the popup, and in that iframe i have links that refer to the opener of the popup. the problem i’m having is when i click one of the links, instead of opening the link in the window’s opener it opens a new window, or tab instead of the opener.
is what i’m trying to accomplish even possible? It sound fairly trival, but i’m not having luck.
Thanks,
John
47 Weekly Link Roundup – November 21, 2009 « Technosiastic! // Nov 24, 2009 at 10:55 am
[...] Cross-Domain Communication with IFrames [...]
48 Stergios // Nov 25, 2009 at 12:21 pm
Hey ,
I just want to know if is any code for html that the site that appear in an iframe can overwrite/avoid proxy server and open it
49 Ivan The Terrible // Nov 30, 2009 at 11:18 am
If you need to fetch something from an iframe which is on other domain there is a simple way. It works for me in IE7 and FF2. I suppose it will work in newer browsers, but try it yourself. Just set
document.location.href = document.location.href + “#data”;
inside the iframe, and fetch that outside by parsing
document.getElementById(’iframeID’).contentWindow.location.href
Inside this you will have your data after the hash symbol. Fetch it and use it!
50 Josh Scribner // Dec 4, 2009 at 4:36 pm
We’ve been wrestling with this problem too. We have an application (A, domain a.xyz.com) which would like to display only a small portion of the data created by a legacy app (B domain b.xyz.com). B exposes its data via HTML, and can easily be placed in an iframe, but the results are ugly.
We attempted to make peace using Law II, using javascript we would tell both pages they were the same domain:
The developers of B were willing to place a small piece of code on their page, so long as they didn’t have to tangle with the data. We asked for the script document.domain=xyz.com
Then, on A, we did the same.
I’m not sure if you have any insight on this, but I’m posting it in the hopes it will help others (you are not alone). Meanwhile, I’m off to try other approaches.
51 Josh Scribner // Dec 4, 2009 at 4:38 pm
52 links for 2009-12-11 « Caiwangqin’s delicious bog // Dec 11, 2009 at 11:09 pm
[...] Cross-Domain Communication with IFrames (tags: iframe xhr cross-domain ajax web browser) [...]
53 vinay // Feb 2, 2010 at 12:53 pm
I am sick of this cross domain issue. duhhh… i have a page which has 2 iframes , but the href of both the iframes are in different domain. what i need to set a hash from one iframe to the other. i tried all the methods you guyz posted above but none of these are working. could you please help me on this.?
54 Unintended Consequences and the Inevitable “Why Would Anyone Want To Do This?” // Feb 16, 2010 at 8:53 pm
[...] been willing to fool around with the not-so-always-obvious features of web browsers. Take cross-domain iframe messaging, for example. Not something people knew much about until a few years ago, when James Burke [...]
55 Blake // Feb 25, 2010 at 12:10 am
Great article. I’ve been working with OpenSocial and Facebook for awhile, and while they support cross-domain iframes, it’s always been unclear as to what exactly is going on. Thanks for the explanations.
56 ygl // Feb 25, 2010 at 12:28 am
Here is a short description of cross-domain with iframes.
http://egladysh.blogspot.com/2010/02/cross-domain-request-pattern.html
57 george // Mar 1, 2010 at 5:43 pm
Your well written article provides a solid conceptual foundation rarely found in the world of cyberhelp as well as “hope” for the future. Thanks!
I do have one question pertaining to a specific situation.
I have a project in the works, which ultimately would be a fb app, but for now is still in my java editor.
It has among others things a fb iframe primarily so that I can see what i am styling. When I am finished, I will flip it around so that the fb page is the main page and everything else is in a iframe.
Everything was fine for a week or ten days, then a day or two ago, I noticed that the equivalent of a “opacity screen” (dark gray about 15%) was over the iframe in question after log-in to the that iframe.
I have over 1000 lines of code and no reference to layer, opacity, filter, focus or anything remotely connected to the problem at hand.
Could it be that it originates in the source?
Somehow, I am thinking that your article answers this question in a general way, but I am looking for a more specific answer.
Thank in advance you for your prompt reply.
In the meantime, I going to go see if you have written anymore articles of similar quality.
Best Regards,
g
58 Zak // Mar 7, 2010 at 7:24 am
Fantastic article. Loved how the hacks were presented in an “evolutionary” manner. Thank you!
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